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The Trait Theory Of Personality Essay - 778 Words

ESSAY TOPIC: Describe the trait theory of personality. Select one â€Å"factor† or â€Å"trait† from a prominent trait theory and discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of someone who strongly exhibits this trait. 1. Introduction Traits are described as the unique and constant characteristic tendencies that shape and influence a person’s mood and behaviour (Ewen 2013, p. 110; Olesen, Thomsen O’Toole 2015, p. 45). Prominent personality psychologists Gordon Allport, authored the first American review of psychological literature on personality and character in 1921, citing numerous sources that involved trait concepts (Barenbaum Winter 2008, p. 3). Notably, personality psychologists Gordon Allport, Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck made important contributions towards the understanding of personality traits that continue to influence modern trait theory (Barenbaum Winter 2008, p. 12). Drawing from the work of these theorists, Paul Costa and Robert McCrae developed the widely accepted Five Factor Theory (FFT) (Ewen 2013, p. 140; John, Naumann Soto 2008, p. 120). Neuroticism is one of the basic factors of personality featuring in several trait theories, including the FFT. Further, numerous studies have shown a significant link between negative mental health outcomes and high levels of neuroticism (Lahey 2009, p. 241 242). This essay will discuss the trait theory of personality and the outcomes for people who strongly exhibit neuroticism. 2. Body: Prominent personalityShow MoreRelatedPersonality Traits And Theories Of Personality1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe term personality has been defined several times in different ways throughout the history of psychology. A definition that captures much of what is meant by personality was described as â€Å"more or less stable, internal factors that make one person’s behaviour consistent from one time to another, and different from the behaviour other people would manifest in comparable situations† by Child (1968) (Eysenck, 1994). This definition is very broad and it includes personality traits as well as intelligenceRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Traits1948 Words   |  8 PagesThe study of personality is very important in the field of psychology because it aims to provide an account for individuality of human beings (Pervin and John, 1999). There are many psychological definitions which attempt to explain personality in terms of characteristics or typical qualities o f an individual. Gordon Allport, defined it as â€Å"a dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person’s characteristic patterns of behavior, thoughts and feelings’ (AllportRead MorePersonality Theories And Trait Theories2232 Words   |  9 PagesThe entire notion of Personality rests upon a number of assumptions: 1) that traits and types exist 2) that traits and types are stable over time 3) that these traits and types are consistent across different situations. At least two of these assumptions are so problematic that they challenge the very existence of Personality. Critically evaluate this statement. Personality, a word first coined in the C14th, has so broad a meaning that its definition varies significantly depending on which theoreticalRead MoreBiological Personality Trait Theory753 Words   |  3 Pageswith a personality. This means that all individuals have their own characteristics, moods, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Personality is both an individual experience, as each person experiences specific combinations that are unique, and a global experience, as humans often share similar traits (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2014). As humanity has expanded, so has interest in discovering what causes the developments of specific personality traits. While some have believed that personality is strictlyRead MoreEssay on The Trait Theory of Personality2121 Words   |  9 PagesThe study of personality traits is beneficial in identifying the many variables that exist from human to human; the combinations of these variables provide us with a true level of individuality and uniquene ss. In the field of psychology, trait theory is considered to be a key approach to the study of human personality (Crowne, 2007; Burton, Westen Kowalski, 2009). This paper aims to identify a number of significant contributors who have played crucial roles in both the development and applicationRead MoreCharacteristics Theories Of Personality Traits907 Words   |  4 Pages Traits perspectives The Five-Factor model is a condensed representation of different types of personalities. The emerging consensus is that the structure of personality may incorporate five superordinate factors (Carver Scheier, 2012). Traits, in general, have been used to denote consistent patterns of behavior, especially expressive or stylistic behavior (John Robins, 2008). Trait psychologists focus on the variety of traits. On the other hand, motive psychologistRead MoreTrait Theory and Brand Personality Framework1679 Words   |  7 Pagesabout Trait Theory and Brand Personality Framework in personality. Details of the two theories will be explained first, along with some real examples of how firms make use of personality traits to strengthen their brands. The shortcomings of the two existing theories will then be analyzed, and some measures developed by recent researchers will be introduced in order to overcome the weaknesses. I chose this topic because I am interested in psychology and p ersonality traits. Many personality testsRead MoreBig Five Theory Of Personality Traits955 Words   |  4 PagesAmong the many established trait theories, the most widely known and used is the Big Five Theory of Personality Traits. It is a five-factor model composed of the broad personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. There are a variety of ways to assess one’s broad dimensions of personality in these five categories. One of which is Psych Central’s personality assessment that consists of fifty questions in which there is a statement ofRead MoreGordon Allport : Personality Psychology And Trait Theory718 Words   |  3 PagesNovember 11, 1897, is considered the founder of â€Å"personality psychology† and â€Å"trait theory†. Allport, just like any other psychologist, had his own definition on what personality is. According to Allport, â€Å" no two psychologists could easily agree on one definition of the term ‘personality’† (Kendall, 2010, p. 282), Allport believed that personality could be characterized in two ways, idiographic and nomothetic; while Freud believed that personality is composed by the Id, Ego and Superego. AllportRead MoreDefensive Personality Studied through Personality Psychology Trait Theories755 Words   |  4 PagesA person with a defensive personality may feel as though they are being attacked and to cope with it they need to defend their choice of words and actions when they are dealing with other individuals. My younger sister, Carlee, has a defensive personality. We have the same mother, but different fathers. This caused us to be raised in different situations. She has moved around a lot, going from my dad’s house, to our mom’s house, and to her dad’s house. She did not have a set place where she

Essay on Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague - 1448 Words

The Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague The Black Death was a major factor in the history of Europe as well as the history of the world. Rivaling the effects of an immense bioterrorist attack, the Black Death was responsible for the taking of over 25 million lives. Creating economic, societal, and medical changes, the Black Death forced Europe to essentially recreate its entire groundwork. At the time of the Black Death, medicine remained very archaic, and European society scrambled to find a cure to this mysterious disease. This study ponders the effects of medieval methods of treatment on this once ravaging disease. The Middle Ages was a dark time for the people of Europe. As the Black Death reigned during the mid-14nth century,†¦show more content†¦This version of the plague is contagious. Because of the various changes in the behavior of the plague, people seemed to catch the disease The plague not only wreaked havoc on Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague 2 social order but also catalyzed theories and new methods of treatments which ranged from bizarre to deadly. The science field and the Roman Catholic Church created various theories and much of these new methods of treatment?none of which succeeded. Their inability to create a cure stimulated an end to the all-powerful reign of the Church as well as the disillusionment in the very system which governed the people?resulting in not only extreme population changes in Europe but the path of history itself. During the Middle Ages, science was not emphasized and doctors retained many of the same beliefs held by their predecessors centuries ago. Therefore, the medicines they used were herbal and passed down from generations. Although these herbal remedies, such as wormwood and lungwort, had some merit and cured stomachaches and headaches, they were insufficient in curing the bubonic plague. Another ancient practice was bloodletting, which was common during the Greco-Roman times. The doctors of the medieval times believed that four different liquids controlled the body (1). Developed by the Greek philosopher Galen, the theory held that the body was controlled by four fluid?black bile, yellow bile, blood, and phlegm. Each fluidShow MoreRelatedThe Medieval Machine : The Industrial Revolution Of The Middle Ages1377 Words   |  6 Pages The Medieval world has a certain connotation to its meaning. People throughout time have found the era synonymous with negativity. It has often been referenced to as the middle or dark ages lending people the view of a world with little to no progress along human advancement. We often paint the picture of medieval Europe with kings, queens, lords and peasants. We also immediately thing of the bubonic plague that wiped out almost a third of the European population at the time. However, there areRead MoreEurope and the Black Death Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesestimated that this unidentifiable disease killed â€Å"more than 20 million people in Europe–almost one-third of the continent’s population,† by the 1350’s (Black Death). Now in today’s society scientists classify the unidentifiable disease as the bubonic plague, also referred to as the Black Death. During fourteenth century European-society, there was no logical medical knowledge; instead, p eople resorted to supplementary explanations, such as God punishing misbehaving religious groups and sinners (BlackRead MoreEssay on The Black Death1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is impossible to discuss Europe’s history without mentioning the Plague of 1348, also known as the Black Death. The Black Death reached Italian shores in the spring of 1348. The presence of such a plague was enormously devastating making its mark in unprecedented numbers in recorded history. According to records, it is estimated to have killed a third of Europe’s population. The Black Death was caused by bacteria named Yersinia Pestis. This germ was transferred fromRead MoreEffects Of The Black Plague On Society944 Words   |  4 Pages The Black Death was the name given to a plague that occurred in the mid 13th century which caused at least a third of the world’s population to perish. During the years in which the plague spread across Europe, many aspects of life for the people that lived were altered forever. This epidemic was like no other in history and had an unprecedented outcome. The effects of the Black Plague on society were substantial resulting in great changes of social classes through role reorganization, changesRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Death1798 Words   |  8 PagesThere were three major outbreaks of the Black Death pandemic in the world. In the history the Black Plague is also called as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague. This research paper will mainly cover the European outbreak of the 14th century as it is considered to be the era of the worst time of the Black Death period. Many historians would agree that the events of 1300s led to dramatic changes affecting every European country in all the aspects. Creating economic, social, religious, and medical issuesRead MoreEssay about Changes in Thought Between 1301 and 1350797 Words   |  4 PagesThese serfs were forced to hand over even larger amounts of their crops in order to receive protection from the more powerful lords. The serfs were left with little or no money and without enough food to support themselves or their families. Their outlook shifted from looking towards a brighter future at the beginning of the 14th century, to a struggle for mere survival by the middle of the century. Prior to the early 14th century the society revolved around the church. Government, trade, and learningRead MoreThe Dark Ages, The Period Between 476 And 13501809 Words   |  8 Pagesmisguided by the derogatory implications of the words ‘dark’ and ‘medieval’. The Middle Ages (an umbrella term encompassing the Renaissance movement), a more appropriate term, marks a period between the downfall of classical Greece and Rome during the fifth and fourteenth century, and the rise of Greco-Roman systems and ideologies during the Renaissance. The Renaissance is often defined as a cultural movement between the end of the medieval period in 1350 to approximately 1620, as it marks the rebirthRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesobligations, feudalism did not allow serfs and peasants many freedoms. Although they were legally bound to their lords’ manor, serfs challenged the ways of feudal society by running away to towns. The decline of f eudalism was spurred on by the bubonic plague. As a disease that killed a third of Europe’s population, its effects on society were enormous. Populations fell, which meant that workers were scarce. This made manual labor more valuable. Serfs who were poorly paid or unpaid left manors in searchRead MoreEffects Of European Exploration On Europe, Africa, And The Americas1523 Words   |  7 PagesNative populations by Europeans. The beginning of the Age of Discovery marked the end of Medieval Europe and the start of Modern Europe. Europe was affected in this exploration in two main ways, culturally and economically. Europe’s culture and updated technology spread throughout the world. The spread of Christianity from these parts brought other continents closer in culture relation to Europe. During the Medieval Age in Europe gold and silver was sparse, suddenly large supplies began to flood in fromRead MoreEssay on Magic and Superstition in the Middle Ages3515 Words   |  15 Pagesthat was the fusion of the highest form of love and knowledge† (McGinn 33). Here, the belief shifted from searching for a higher spirituality to having found that elevation in the Incarnate Word, Jesus Christ. This alteration in the philosophical outlook of the people brought about a whole new aspect of the supernatural. Now that there was a great power to believe in, there were sets of rules introduced to ensure pure worship of the new-found Incarnate Word. A few centuries later, the renowned Roman

Why Token Reinforcement Can Increase The Rate Of Sight...

The study published by DeVries and Feldman in 1983, showed that token reinforcement can increase the rate of sight word acquisition within students with a learning disability in a resource room setting. The study was comprised of two participants, a nine year old boy with directionality and perceptual difficulties and an eleven year old boy with auditory figure ground discrimination. Both participants were two years below grade level in word recognition, had a diagnosis of a learning disability and average intellectual function level, and both were from southwestern USA. After a baseline of each student’s sight words recognition, multiple lists of different five unknown sight words were selected, to use during the intervention. The teacher explained the guidelines of the token system; if the student could remember a sight word 24 hours after the lesson, the teacher would get put a star next to the word. Once the student earned 5 stars (one for each word) they would a sticker on their goal sheet. DeVries and Feldman’s study used stickers as tokens. The children chose a prize of a pre determined list created by a survey they took. The students could then trade in their stickers for a tangible prize from their prize menu. The prize menu was derived from a survey the participants took during the baseline. The goal sheets were sent home to receive the award of parental praise. The study showed that both students increase their sight word vocabulary by 330 percent or moreShow MoreRelatedStrategic Human Resource Management72324 Words   |  290 PagesBenefits of Vertical Integration? How do we Promote the Vertical Integration of Our HR Strategy? What is Horizontal Integration? Bundling and Best Fit Resource Based View (RBV) What are the Benefits of Horizontal Integration? What Different Approaches Can Be Taken to Achieve Strategic Alignment? Putting Strategy into Practice Barriers to Implementation of HR Strategy The Alternatives to Strategic Human R esource Management Introduction What is High Performance Working? What is High Commitment ManagementRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFeigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the UnitedRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSaddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production ProjectRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesFrancisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen Acquisitions Editor: Kim Norbuta Editorial Project Manager: Claudia Fernandes Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Marketing Assistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project

Conventions, The Skull Beneath The Skin Free Essays

P.D. James claims to have used â€Å"the well worn conventions of the mystery to subvert them, stretch them, use them to say something true about characters, about men and women and the society in which they live† in her book ‘The Skull Beneath the Skin’. We will write a custom essay sample on Conventions, The Skull Beneath The Skin or any similar topic only for you Order Now She sought out to rewrite the ‘cosy’ style and she achieved this by challenging the traditional conventions. The Skull Beneath the Skin’ is almost a hybrid text because it is Contemporary but also blends classic ‘cosy’ style conventions with hard-boiled characteristics. Firstly, the fact that James has made the detective female is a significant subversion, it conveys the changing times in which it was written, 1982. During this time, roles of women and their social roles and barriers were changing rapidly, and this is reflective in the novel. As well as challenging the role of women in society another obvious challenge to the genre of crime writing is the denouement is not performed at the end of the novel, as is usually the case for many traditional ‘cosy’ novels, but is instead closer to the middle crisis and unravelling of the case. Cordelia does not perform the resolution herself and no other guests are present during its unfolding. Instead, Ambrose undertakes the denoument, much to the embarrassment and fallibility of Cordelia. Other slight subversions of the genre include the fact that Cordelia Gray has an uneasy past and she lacks the intellectual capacity of the traditional cosy detective and the isolated setting at Sir Ambrose Gorringe’s Victorian castle is a convention of the cosy but the blending of the cosy with the gothic genre challenges the norm for crime writing. On the other hand occasionally a convention was seen to be adhered too which is often hard to avoid. In the Skull beneath the Skin Society is left unstable, as Ambrose was never put behind bars. The killings weren’t really justified by the characters, or justified in a way we could understand as normal people. This convention holds true to Contemporary Crime Fiction. How to cite Conventions, The Skull Beneath The Skin, Essay examples

Enterprise Systems and Data Management

Question: Discuss about theEnterprise Systems and Data Management. Answer: Introduction Enterprise Systems are packages of large-scale Application Software which support business procedures, business reportings, the flow of information as well as data analysis of big organizations. Enterprise Systems are widely known as Packaged Application Software frameworks. They are also named as Custom Developed and Tailored systems which are created to provide the development as well as the execution of different architectures, policies, approaches and procedures to manage the requirements of the organization data lifecycle in an effective manner. Data Management is the best and policy-based approach to deal or manage the flow of data within an organization and support the organization to attain suitable data frameworks. This study is a report on Data Management and Enterprise Systems. It includes the case study of Tesco organization which is situated in the United Kingdom and the research is also done regarding the use of Enterprise System as well as Data Management in the organi zation. Enterprise Systems and Data Management Enterprise Systems Enterprise systems coordinate various diverse sectors of organization. SAPs NetWeaver, Databases and Oracle's Fusion are some softwares utilized to build the Enterprise Systems within an association. From the computers hardware perspective, Enterprise System (ES) is the storage servers, as well as software which is utilized by large business enterprises as an infrastructure for their Information Technology models. Enterprise Systems are the frameworks planned to manage a large amount of critical or significant data (Aberer, 2011). The Enterprise Systems are regularly designed to offer a huge level of data security and transaction performance. On the other hand, Data management process is performed in the organizations different applications, formats, and protocols. While coordinating, the Enterprise Systems permit the organizations to coordinate its business procedures, for instance, sales, deliveries as well as accounts receivable through sharing information or data across employee hierarchies and business functions (Alà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Mashari, 2002). Enterprise frameworks can also replace the multiple independent frameworks that are not able to interact with some other frameworks as well as this system only process the data to provide support to particular business processes and its functions. For instance, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) provides support to entire sales procedure of the organization which includes some pre-sales exercises, sales orders, deliveries, inventory reference, billing as well as customer payments. ERP, Customer Relationship Management, and Supply Chain Management are some examples of big Enterprise Systems. Types of the Enterprise Systems Customer Relationship Management (CRM): CRM system was developed to deliver the requirement of an organization to raise its sales divisions productivity (Babaian Lucas, 2013). CRM also makes the administration or management of the organizations consumers in an impressive way to enhance the sales. With some functions of CRM, for instance, management of sales opportunity, organization come to learn about its client requirements as well as their buying behavior as well as join this important data with the market information in order to upgrade the quality and productivity of the organization sales forecasts and its marketing plans. Supply Chain Management (SCM): SCM alludes to the procedure of collecting individuals, tasks, tools, data as well as other assets required to deliver and move items or products from seller to the consumer. Supply Chain Management seems an effective management of an organizations supply chain exercises through the supply chain company in an efficient and effective way. Some activities, consider product development, production, material sourcing, logistics and the information frameworks that organize these activities (Bhowmick, Madria, Ng, 2004). Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): ERP system coordinates software applications simply as the organizations coordinate its business procedures, for example, purchasing, financing, HR as well as inventory management of the organization (Bose, 2006). In an Enterprise Resource Planning system, the incorporated software models, for instance sales, the quality management as well as accounts receivable easily communicate as well as share the data. All these modules consist of various applications that accomplish the functions needed to execute specific business procedures. For instance, the business model considers the applications important to create as well as manage the business deals, orders, invoices and pricing of orders. ERP systems applications not only provide support to various operational as well as administrative tasks, for example, time sheet or creation of fresh accounts, they might also be tailored to provide support to a number of diverse industries, like gas and oil indus try, banking and retail industry (Chouà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Hong Chen, 2002). Although business intelligence and data warehousing systems, both are widespread packaged application software and frequently sold by Enterprise System sellers since both indirectly support the execution of business processes and most of the time both systems are excluded from the organization. Enterprise Software: Enterprise software also named as EAS, is a software utilized to fulfill the requirements of an association rather than the individual user. Such associations would include schools, businesses, charities or clubs and government enterprises. Enterprise software is a fundamental part of this computer-based data system (Fan Geerts, 2012). Enterprise software provides services with the help of the typical business-oriented equipment, for instance Online Shopping as well as Online Payment Processing. A few examples of Enterprise Softwares are Automated Billing Frameworks, Organization's content Management system. This software portrays a collection of computer programs with the help of basic business applications and tools. Enterprise Systems demonstrate how easily the entire association works, and how effectively the development tools for building different applications are used in the associations. Enterprise software is proposed to solve difficult issues in organi zations instead of solving departmental issues (Ferrari, 2010). Enterprise Software works with the main motive to enhance organization's productivity as well as its efficiency by giving Enterprise Logic Support or Functionality. Enterprise System is the process which includes manipulation as well as a frequent display of a large amount of complex information. However, Enterprise Software doesnt have any broadly acknowledged list of characteristics they usually include scalability and robustness of system performance as its characteristic (Golab Ozsu, 2010). Moreover, these Enterprise Softwares have a typical interface with other Enterprise Softwares as these software are centrally controlled and managed. Enterprise Systems performed different business procedures, for instance, order processing, production scheduling, client information management, procurement accounting, as well as energy management (Gupta, 2000). Data Management The accumulation of data from numerous sources as well as distributing it to a specific level of individuals who needed it. The authentication and secure delivery of that data is usually named as Data Management. Several vendors provide Data Management products, however impressive Data Management includes well-defined processes and adherence to suitable practices and applications (Kim Seong Leem, 2005). There are different ways to deal with Data Managemen(Soja, 2009)t. Master data management also named as MDM is a comprehensive way of enabling the organization to associate its sensitive and critical data in a single file, named as a master file gives a typical perspective. The importance of effective Data Management process grows day by day as the organizational business is a focus to increase its compliance regulations. Furthermore, Data Management helps to manage and control a large amount of sensitive data which is sometimes also referred as a big data. Data Management procedure is an administration as well as governance of big data both in structured as well as in an unstructured manner (Lee Hong, 2002). Government organizations, Corporations, and Agencies employ this data management methodology to assist them to claim fast-growing data pools, involving several terabytes as well as petabytes of data along with a mixture of different data types. The idea of Data Management emerged in the late 1980s as advancement in technology moved from consecutive processing of selected access processing. Nowadays Data Management is done to technically store a single data fact into a single file and access this data by using selected access disk and suggesting that the Data Management process is more significant than the Process Management procedure (Loshin, 2009). Issues in Enterprise Systems and Data Management Although Enterprise System and Data Management have many advantages. However, these advantages are likewise matched with some high-level dangers because of the complexity of Enterprise Systems and Data Management. Some companies even plan to terminate the execution of Enterprise Systems because of the cost and time spent on it, as well as the disruption caused by ES limits(Mak, 2006). There might be several issues when organizations trying to execute, adjust and run the Enterprise System. The issues caused by Enterprise System are the only reasons due to which performance of the organization decreases. Change in any organization is the most critical issue encountered in the exchange of fresh and new frameworks. Several issues are involved during the implementation phase of Enterprise Systems, such as Structural issues, Intellectual issues, Social issues, Cost issues as well as Technological issues (Larkin, 2005). On the other hand, Data Management in the organization also encounters several big issues such as, more circular space is needed as well as a bigger or more intense computer system is required for Data Management procedures which small organizations cannot afford (Mamoulis, 2011). Another noteworthy issue of Data Management is its complexity. To ideally use the database, it should be carefully composed. If it is not done properly, the new system will not able to fulfill the organization's needs. The more conspicuous impact of framework failure is that every investment of data is tied-up at one place, therefore loss of data surely occurs and it is also considered as a big issue of Data Management. More difficult recovery processes are there in Data Management and if any framework disappointment occurs, then there is a loss of imperative data (Pan, 2004). Data Management and Enterprise System need high implementation cost, therefore, adaptations of both frameworks in the organizations become difficult. It is important to train every employee in the organ ization in order to use these systems more efficiently, but it is bit costly and time-consuming method. Integration of Data Management and Enterprise Systems with some other applications of organizations is essential, as well as the flexibility of the framework is also required in the system (Zeleny, 2005). There are a couple of experts involved in the enterprise system and if enterprise system is not applied properly then this system will become inconvenient for the organization. Case Study The Organization selected here in this case study is a worldwide famous retail organization TESCO. TESCO organization is a British enterprise which is working within a general retail business and merchandise business. The profit of the organization exceeds more than 3-Billion pounds every year and the organization becomes the third biggest retailer association in the entire world. TESCO organization works in approximately twelve nations worldwide. TESCO association is the major Superstore organization in the United Kingdom and more than two thousand stores run effectively in the United Kingdom. Tesco is a specialized organization of different items including drinks, food, electronics, financial services, clothing, home appliances, insurance, music, telecommunication, dental care and health care services etc (Wazalek, 2000). Enterprise System in Tesco TESCO organization is a world-class distributor organization and about Eleven million individuals visit at Tesco stores every day. Tesco has become the most refined supply chain organization in the entire world and helps its customers to get what they require from the last one decade. Tesco's team of supply chain examination grew in the last few years and now it has become an organization of five ratios Fifty individuals. Tesco staffed only by engineering and science graduates and to help Tesco to train-up in the field of retail expertise as well as in SQL programming aptitudes (Van den Hoven, 2004). The staff of Tesco organization mostly utilizes mathematical applications such as MatLan to conduct its analysis procedure. IT team of this organization attains the biggest win by including a statistical system named as Enterprise Systems which easily predicts the effect of weather on clients buying behavior (Barnes, 2011). From 2006, Tesco association utilized Enterprise Systems to enha nce its production network, fundamentally focusing on its stock administration frameworks. As per IT department, Tesco's new Enterprise System network's enhancement program, helped the organization to gain 16 million every year because now the organization is capable of understanding the consumers buying habits as well as to keep a track of sales in an effective manner. Additionally, Tesco retailers also use this Enterprise System in order to effectively track the special offers and each sale done, within the organization, the news source reported (Kerschbaum, 2008). Data Management in Tesco This Organization uses typical wellsprings of the data management model to arrange the design and pattern of examination as well as regulating the execution of data. Tesco's fresh, non-nourishment website named as Tesco Direct, utilize the web content administration model as a single wellspring for the management of data. Intertwined's website application software is utilized by the Tesco organization for expert Data Management procedure in which the merchandise needs to ensure that it keeps only specific information about its products over its channels for effectiveness as well as to ensure that the customers purchase the similar products online as well as in-store (Kim Hallsworth, 2015). The Data Management procedure is especially very intense for the organization Tesco because it is increasing its range of websites as well as quickly enhancing its online requests. With the help of Data Management, approximately 220,000 customer's requests are fulfilled within a week. Tesco has in addition guaranteed that it provides an arrangement of products pictures by using the Data Management procedure. Data Management used by Tesco organization is in the form of policies, processes, and appropriate approaches to make sure that the data is understandable, trusted, accessible, visible as well as optimized for the customers of Tesco. Tesco's Data Management includes procedures for strategy, modeling, visualization, security, planning, access control, data analytics, as well as quality. Results encompass enhancing data quality as well as assurance of Tesco's data, enabling data sharing and reuse of data is possible by minimizing the redundancy of data. The pain which organization faced are experiencing consistent reporting, regulatory compliance, Service-Oriented frameworks have prompted the interest of Tesco in Data Management. Case Study Conclusion This case study concludes that Tesco organization experience a lot of advantages from both Data Management and Enterprise Systems. By using both these automated frameworks Tesco organization can move its business more effectively. Enterprise Systems and Data Management support Tesco by providing them stock replenishment as well as by analyzing the sales figures. Both the frameworks help Tesco association by bringing its revenues in the Billions and help it to take its business to next level hence increasing its productivity. Enterprise systems and Data Management represent the significant contemporary process in the organizational utilization of the information technology. Recommendation Tesco and many organizations use Enterprise System and Data Management, therefore, people should be familiarized with both the new work frameworks. Full training, as well as comprehensive knowledge of Enterprise Systems and Data Management, should be appropriately provided to employees. Normally the workers feel it is a difficult procedure to modify an old system to a new one, especially in the case of electronic systems. Workers decline to acknowledge or compel Information Technology to change and adjust Enterprise Systems and Data Management. Customization makes Enterprise System and Data Management unstable as well as harder to control or maintain. Many mistakes are committed by the organizations by assuming, that it is easy to change the individual rather than to customize the system. Wide teamwork, as well as planning of functional areas between organizations, requires both internally and externally. Latest training is required for the customer and employees to attain the basic goal of the association. Conclusion This report concludes that there is a distinct difference, between both Enterprise System and in transaction-oriented frameworks. Enterprise System is a large package and a customize system technique which is developed within organizations IT department. Enterprise System is a normative business approach to update and collects the data of an organization. Enterprise System appears as an enduring segment of the organizational Information Technology department because they cover the largest portion of organizations Information Technology Infrastructure. It has also been concluded that the Data Management systems affect almost all the parts of organizations, including its implementation time as well as its operations and functions. Organization's Data Management not only affects its ability to manage data, however, it also upgrades the framework of the organization to modern technologies. Consequently, organizations require a framework to understand and analyze both of these systems to include in their decision-making procedures, in development as well as in the implementation processes. References Aberer, K. (2011). Peer-to-Peer Data Management. Synthesis Lectures On Data Management, 3(2), 1-150. Alà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Mashari, M. (2002). Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems: a research agenda. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 102(3), 165-170. Babaian, T. Lucas, W. (2013). Modeling Data for Enterprise Systems with Memories. Journal Of Database Management, 24(2), 1-12. Bhowmick, S., Madria, S., Ng, W. (2004). Web data management. New York: Springer. Bose, R. (2006). Understanding management data systems for enterprise performance management. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 106(1), 43-59. Barnes, R. (2011). The great Tesco beauty gamble (the Tesco supermarket chains marketing strategy for breaking into the UK beauty services market). Strategic Direction, 27(7). Chouà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Hong Chen, J. (2002). Enterprise computing asset management: a case study. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 102(2), 80-88. Fan, W. Geerts, F. (2012). Foundations of Data Quality Management. Synthesis Lectures On Data Management, 4(5), 1-217. Ferrari, E. (2010). Access Control in Data Management Systems. Synthesis Lectures On Data Management, 2(1), 1-117. Golab, L. zsu, M. (2010). Data Stream Management. Synthesis Lectures On Data Management, 2(1), 1-73. Gupta, A. (2000). Enterprise resource planning: the emerging organizational value systems. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 100(3), 114-118. Kim, S. Seong Leem, C. (2005). Enterprise security architecture in business convergence environments. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 105(7), 919-936. Kerschbaum, F. (2008). Building a privacy-preserving benchmarking enterprise system. Enterprise Information Systems, 2(4), 421-441. Kim, W. Hallsworth, A. (2015). Tesco in Korea: Regulation and Retail Change. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 107(3), 270-281. Larkin, F. (2005). [Tesco Opera]. Circa, (111), 41. Lee, S. Hong, S. (2002). An enterpriseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ wide knowledge management system infrastructure. Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 102(1), 17-25. Loshin, D. (2009). Master data management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Morgan Kaufmann. Mak, R. (2006). The Martian principles for successful enterprise systems. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley Pub. Mamoulis, N. (2011). Spatial Data Management. Synthesis Lectures On Data Management, 3(6), 1-149. Pan, S. (2004). Managing strategic enterprise systems and e-government initiatives in Asia. Singapore: World Scientific. Plattner, H. Zeier, A. (2012). In-memory data management. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Van den Hoven, J. (2004). Data Architecture Standards for the Effective Enterprise. Information Systems Management, 21(3), 61-64. Wazalek, J. (2000). Enterprise systems integration. Boca Raton, Fla.: Auerbach.

Mandarin Oriental free essay sample

In addition, its portfolio includes 12 Residences at Mandarin Oriental (Jardines, 2011). Mandarin Oriental Hotel Singapore After a multi-million-dollar renovation, The Oriental, Singapore re-opened its doors on 1st December 2004, as part of its soft opening launch. The renovation has involved the refurbishment of all 527 guestrooms and suites, and enhancement to all public areas, dining and meeting facilities. This is the most significant upgrading project for the hotel since opening in 1987, and repositions The Oriental, Singapore amongst the city most luxurious hotels (Fnetravel, 2012). Attraction of branding Mandarin Oriental hotel is combining spectacular architectural design and a prime waterfront location with the finest standards of comfort and service. The hotel has been continually singled out to receive international and local recognition, placing it among the worlds top hotels. The Oriental is Singapores only Mandarin Oriental hotel, keeping to the renowned standard of comfort and service. The hotel has been continually singled out to receive international and local recognition, placing it among the worlds top hotels. It is for business travellers, a leisure stay or alternatively for meetings and incentives. Advertising strategy New product and service description Oriental Essence massage-The one-hour signature Oriental Essence massage has been devised to introduce guests to a simple, effective and authentic spa experience in a short period of time. Oriental Essence consists of a powerful, hands-on body massage ritual that combines the potent effects of oriental meridian massage with the therapeutic benefits of Mandarin Orientals signature Quintessence custom-blended essential oil. Sentosa-Oriental carnival†-We can combine Sentosa corporation to roll out new activities project, we call it sentosa-Oriental carnival. Marketing/promotional method In recent year, luxury hotel brands looking to develop applications face a number of challenges such as understanding how to develop relevant, utilitarian offerings and coping with the rapid state of technological advancement (Finocchiaro, 2011). Howev er, mobile is cementing its position as the most personal and direct marketing medium and marketing to consumers via handheld devices is becoming a requirement. It isn’t rare to see brands developing websites and mobile applications ( iPhone apps to be more specific ) to reach out to their target consumer group. We follow the cult, Mandarin Oriental Singapore can expand its gamut of mobile offerings in next market expansion quarter which will augment their communication channels with consumers and help them serve their guests better. We should build a mobile compliant website and an iPhone app up its sleeves. This is a penetrative marketing strategy to customer. Technology is indeed imperative in running of any business today. Businesses that want to stay top of things have to embrace technology (Ashton, 2011). Mandarin Oriental Hotels should be taken in many technological inventions to see to it that they lessen the workload on their employees, example Customers wishing to visit any of the hotels have the leeway to make their bookings online, this makes it easier for the customer who before the embracing of technology had to write letters or make calls to make their bookings, some of the letters or calls never got through greatly inconveniencing the potential clients and making the hotels lose a lot of money. Pricing strategy Now the lowest room price of Mandarin Oriental Hotel Singapore is $339. We plan the hotel’s pricing strategy based on the following elements: First, the group of clients is different. They come from different countries, travel for different reasons and have a different budget. We can target different types of clients at any time with different prices to make yield management in hotels succeed. Second, seasonal is a major feature of the tourism industry. The hotel needs to provide preferential rates and other measure to maintain normal life. Third, hotel with the price of supply and demand changes continuously adjusted, when the oversupply, the hotel needs to consider lowering the price; when in short supply, the hotel should consider appropriate to raise price (Sumathi, 2007). For example, last year F1 was held in Singapore, that’s a short supply situation, all the hotel price soared. Here is a figure shows what elements will affect the price of hotel: [pic] Advertising Campaign Objectives Each advertisement is a specific communication that must be effective, not just for one customer, but for many target buyers. Our advertising planning team’s strategy –â€Å"Ultimate luxury experience†-is aimed to make Mandarin Oriental Singapore to be recognized widely as the best global luxury hotel group, which it will achieve by investing in its exceptional facilities and its people while continuing to seek further selective opportunities for expansion around the world. This strategy combined with a strong balance sheet is designed to achieve long-term growth in both earnings and net asset value. Creating a strong brand presence and effect in the top ‘world’ cities of Singapore is crucial to keep position in Singapore hotel market, and Mandarin Oriental will continue to benefit from the prominent exposure by our advertising strategy. In general, the target of our advertising campaign is aimed at creating brand awareness, increasing revenues, establishing positive image, and market penetration. Advertising The high-end luxury hotel market has grown crowded recently, making it extremely challenging for its players to cut through the competitive field. To make sure it stood out from the crowd,We plan a new multi-faceted Ad campaign for Mandarin Oriental Hotel Singapore-â€Å"ultimate luxury experience† – which comes to life through print, digital and so on. The campaign aspires to talk to todays modern business traveler, If you are traveling to a destination for business, make the most of your free time and experience ultimate luxury service. The visually stunning print advertisements depict will create unforgettable moments for guests around the world. The multi-million dollar global print campaign will run in 32 countries and be featured in lifestyle, business and travel print media, as well as key out-of-home sites in Singapore. In addition to the print flight, Hotel can bring the campaign to life through a full scale digital re-invention of the brand, including a re-launch of the website, enhancements to the brands social media channels, and a powerful digital advertising campaign; all inspired by unique discoveries from around the world. The new website will offer content that extends beyond basic hotel information. The new online hub will be fully integrated with social media platforms, providing use with the unique opportunity to share their own discoveries via Twitter and includes ways for users to share via Pinterest, Facebook and other key sites. Built to be fully responsive, the new site offers the same immersive experience across desktop, tablet and mobile platforms to publicize new products and service in all aspect. Make sure the theme of â€Å"Ultimate luxury experience† can permeate deep impression to every customer’s mind. Ultimate luxury experience† will embody the global spirit of Mandarin Oriental Hotels and todays lifestyle-business traveler and their eagerness to explore the world beyond their everyday routine. The multi-million dollar advertising campaign will continue through the end of the year in key source markets in Singapore. Outdoor advertising Outdoor advertising includes various types of promotional displays, from highway billboards to transit poste rs and arena placement, all geared towards communicating a message to the public. The message might be to buy a product, take a trip, vote for a politician, or give to a charity. It might even be a public service announcement. There are many kinds of outdoor advertising choices. Hotels commonly make use of highway billboards to steer customers in for a rest or a bite. The automobile and tourism industries account for a very large percentage of billboard revenue. Bus benches often feature outdoor advertising for local businesses, while bus shelters might display a major movie promotion. Beverage companies commonly make use of sporting events and arenas, among other venues, while taxicabs, buses, railways, subways and wall murals offer other forms of outdoor advertising (Kayne, 2010). Billboard space on highways towards airports. People are on their way to the airport, thinking about their travel plans. If they haven’t booked their hotel, they might be more inclined to give Mandarin Oriental a call if they see a billboard advertisement. Wall space in major airport. This area is a great spot for the non-traditional advertisement (the touch screen where you can decorate a hotel room) to catch people who are waiting for flights and have down time. Plus, these folks are thinking about travel. They have hotels on their minds, even if they’ve already booked a hotel for this trip they might keep Mandarin Oriental in mind for their next trip. Social Media Social Media continues to grow in importance. It has not only become one of the critical tool to interact with customer but is also considered one of the key elements impacting organic search and ranking for the hotel. Hotels that take advantage of this trend are seeing significant benefits in terms of online placement and revenue (Aggarwal, 2010). [pic] The main social media objectives for such hotels can include: †¢ Newspapers and magazines All of these magazines and newspapers that we choose are travel related. People who read these magazines are most likely frequent travels with very particular taste in hotels. The concept of â€Å"Ultimate luxury experience† by Mandarin Oriental Singapore would appeal to their expectations. For example: â€Å"Travel and Leisure†, â€Å"National Geographic†, â€Å"Time out†. †¢ TV broadcast †¢ Circular of all kinds, (whether distributed by mail, by person, thorough tradesmen, or by inserts in packages. †¢ Store signs, motion pictures used for advertising. Novelties bearing advertising messages and signature of the advertiser. Website promotion Facebook and Twitter– Each hotel and restaurant should have their own Facebook page and Twitter account where they can interact with guests, Mandarin Oriental Hotel Singapore – â€Å"Ultimate luxury experience† former and potential. It’s a great PR tool and a great way to pro mote special events. Posting pictures can also show users how unique each hotel and restaurant is. Since Facebook and Twitter are free, this is more of a public relations strategy (Pangborn, 2011). Mandarin Oriental Hotel Singapore can also announce new ads campaign-â€Å"ultimate luxury experience† on Facebook and use a smaller version of the magazine ad. By targeting users that have travel listed as a hobby, we can hope to generate more business. The following websites are all used for booking flights and hotel stays. Advertising on these sites with a smaller version of the magazine ad is a great way to pique the interest of people who are planning their trips. Most of the time, people surfing these sights are looking for a deal (Pangborn, 2011). Since Mandarin Oriental hotels Singapore are more upscale of this ad campaign, this is a great way to show the benefits of spending more money and, in return, getting more than just a bed to sleep in. †¢ Expedia †¢ Travelocity †¢ Priceline †¢ Hotels. com †¢ Trip Advisor †¢ Yahoo Website design Mandarin Oriental Hotel website development is beyond design and bring the right balance between, navigation, usability, functionality, structure, visuals, contents and normally offers; †¢ 100% freedom †¢ 100% flexibility †¢ Search engine optimization †¢ Functional design †¢ Booking engine integration